Everything you need to know about colic in babies and how to relieve it

Colic is a common stomach ailment in babies, especially during the first months of life. It is estimated that between 10% and 20% of infants suffer from it, and although it usually appears around the third week, some babies may begin to suffer from it from the first days of life. These episodes of colic are characterized by the presence of dolor abdominal intense, which generates a series of unmistakable behaviors in the little ones: they draw up their legs, their face turns red, and their crying is much more acute and persistent compared to crying when they are hungry, sleepy, or simply want attention.

The characteristic crying of colic is not easily calmed even when the baby is held, which can cause great frustration and a feeling of distress in parents. This type of crying often lasts for hours, and it is normal for it to occur in regular episodes during the day, especially at dusk.

What causes colic in babies?

There is currently no known exact cause to explain why some babies suffer from colic and others do not, although experts have proposed several theories. The most likely causes include:

• Immature digestion: The baby's digestive system is not yet fully developed, which can lead to difficulty processing milk and producing gases that cause discomfort.
• Gastroesophageal reflux: Some babies experience acid reflux, a problem in which stomach contents back up into the esophagus, which can irritate the throat and esophagus, causing pain and crying.
• Swallowing air: Babies often swallow air while feeding or crying, which can lead to gas buildup, bloating and abdominal discomfort.
• Sensitivity to certain foods: In some cases, breastfeeding may be a factor. Breast milk contains compounds from the foods the mother eats. Some babies may show sensitivity to certain foods, such as dairy, soy, egg, or wheat, which could contribute to colic.

It is important to note that although colic is common in infants, it is not related to serious health problems, and in most cases it disappears without medical intervention by about 3 or 4 months of age. However, it is essential to pay attention to other symptoms that may indicate a different medical condition, such as fever, severe vomiting or weight loss.

Symptoms of colic

Identifying colic is not always easy, but there are certain signs that may indicate that your baby is suffering from this problem. Here we leave you with the most common symptoms:

• Inconsolable crying: Baby may cry for no apparent reason, even when fed, clean and comfortable.
• High-pitched crying: The baby cries intensely, and sometimes the crying episodes can last for hours.
• Physical signs: Babies with colic often draw their legs up toward their abdomen, have a swollen or distended stomach, and clenched fists.
• Recurring schedule: Cramps tend to occur more frequently in the afternoon or evening, and usually occur at the same time every day.

If you notice any of these signs in your baby, he or she is probably suffering from colic. Knowing how to identify the problem is the first step to reducing its impact on family life.

How to relieve colic in babies

Although there is no definitive cure for infant colic, there are various strategies that can help. relieve discomfort in babies and make these episodes more bearable for both parents and baby. Below are some of the most effective techniques:

• Holding and rocking your baby: Physical contact is crucial. Babies experiencing colic are often soothed by being cradled in your arms, either by being rocked slowly or held upright to help reduce gas buildup.
• Car rides: Movement and a change of environment can have a calming effect on babies. A car ride can provide the rhythmic motion that soothes babies during colic episodes.
• Burping your baby frequently: Taking a break to burp during feedings reduces the amount of air your baby swallows, which can help prevent gas buildup and relieve colic.
• White noise: Ambient sounds such as a fan, dryer, or noise machine can calm babies by replicating the sounds they heard in the womb.
• Gentle abdominal massages: A gentle massage on the baby's abdomen, in a clockwise direction, can stimulate the digestive system and help expel accumulated gas.

Care during feeding

One of the factors that can influence the appearance of colic is how babies are fed. Whether the baby is breastfed or fed formula, it is important to pay attention to certain details to avoid the problem.

Breast-feeding: If you are breastfeeding, there are certain foods that can affect the baby through breast milk. To avoid this, it is recommended to avoid foods that contain caffeine, such as coffee or chocolate, as well as some vegetables such as cabbage or onions, which could cause gas. It is also important to maintain a proper position during feedings, both for the baby and the mother, to facilitate digestion.

Bottle feeding: If you bottle feed your baby, it is advisable to use anti-colic bottles that help reduce the amount of air your baby swallows during feeding. You can also take more frequent breaks to make sure your baby burps as he or she feeds.

None of these tips are foolproof, and you may have to try different techniques before you find the one that works best for your baby.

When to seek medical help

In most cases, Colic usually goes away on its own around four months of age, however, there are situations where it is necessary to seek medical help..

• The baby cries more than usual and seems extremely uncomfortable.
• The baby does not gain weight or has trouble feeding well.
• There is fever, vomiting or persistent diarrhea.
• The baby has difficulty breathing or appears to be in extreme pain.

If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your pediatrician, who will be able to evaluate whether it is actually colic or if there is another condition involved.

It is essential not to underestimate the importance of seeking help when you are unsure of what is happening with your baby. Your pediatrician will be able to determine if there are underlying medical problems and provide guidance on what to do.

Although colic can cause a lot of stress and frustration for parents, It is essential to remember that this is a temporary condition.Although it may seem endless while you are still alive, colic episodes usually lessen over time and, in most cases, disappear completely after the first few months. During this difficult period, it is important to stay calm, care for your baby as lovingly as possible, and seek support when you need it.