During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes numerous changes that not only affect her physical and emotional well-being, but can also promote the development of certain diseases. While some women experience this stage without complications, others may face conditions that can compromise both their health and that of the baby.
Among the latests Moravia's compositions most common and dangerous diseases During pregnancy, there are those that can have an impact on both the mother and the development of the fetus. Although some are the result of genetic or immunological factors, others derive from infections or pre-existing problems that worsen during this period. To ensure a safe pregnancy, it is crucial to understand the risks associated with these pathologies and manage them appropriately.
Major dangerous diseases during pregnancy
Some diseases that may arise or become complicated during pregnancy directly affect the mother, the baby, or both. Below, we explore the most important ones:
Toxoplasmosis
La toxoplasmosis It is an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can be acquired by eating raw or undercooked meat, or by direct contact with the feces of infected cats. For pregnant women, this infection can be especially dangerous, since if contracted for the first time during pregnancy, the parasite can cross the placenta and affect the baby, causing malformations, neurological damage or even fetal death.
The best way to prevent toxoplasmosis is to avoid undercooked meats and unpasteurized dairy products, as well as to adopt hygienic measures when handling animals.
Preeclampsia
La preeclampsia is a condition that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy. It is characterized by an increase in blood pressure and the presence of protein in the urine (proteinuria). This disease can seriously affect the mother, causing damage to organs such as the kidneys and liver, and the baby, as it can restrict the flow of oxygen and nutrients through the placenta.
If left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a severe condition that can cause seizures, coma, and even death. Risk factors include a family history of preeclampsia, multiple pregnancy, previous hypertension, and obesity.
gestational hypertension
La gestational hypertension is an increase in blood pressure that occurs during pregnancy without the presence of protein in the urine (unlike preeclampsia). It is usually diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation and disappears after delivery. Although in most cases it does not cause serious complications, if not treated properly it can progress to preeclampsia or increase the risk of premature birth.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes This occurs when a woman's body does not produce enough insulin during pregnancy, causing blood glucose levels to rise. This type of diabetes affects between 2% and 10% of pregnant women and can lead to complications such as high birth weight, premature births and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future for both mother and child.
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
The sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can have serious consequences during pregnancy. Pathologies such as HIV, syphilis, chlamydia or herpes can be transmitted from mother to fetus, especially during childbirth. These infections can cause fetal malformations, premature birth or severe neonatal infections.
Group B Streptococcus
El group B strep It is a bacteria that can be found in a woman's vagina or rectum. Although it does not usually cause symptoms in adults, it can be fatal for a baby if contracted during birth. Complications for the newborn include pneumonia, meningitis or sepsis, so prenatal testing is essential.
Incompetent cervix
El incompetent cervix, also known as incompetent cervix, refers to a premature dilation of the cervix without contractions. This can lead to premature birth or even miscarriages if not treated in time. Women with a history of this condition may require preventive surgeries to avoid complications.
Other common complications during pregnancy
In addition to the diseases mentioned above, there are other conditions that can complicate pregnancy and put both the mother and the baby at risk:
Viral infections
Infections such as rubella or cytomegalovirus (CMV) are especially dangerous if contracted during pregnancy, as they can cause serious birth defects, hearing and vision loss, mental retardation, and even miscarriage or stillbirth.
Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia Iron deficiency is another common condition during pregnancy. A lack of iron in the blood can cause weakness, fatigue and complications in the development of the baby, such as low birth weight or premature birth. It is essential to take iron supplements under medical supervision and maintain a balanced diet rich in this mineral.
Depression and anxiety
La mental salud The pregnancy can also be affected during this stage. Depression and anxiety are disorders that affect up to 7% of pregnant women and can have repercussions on both the mother and the fetus. It is important that women receive psychological support and, if necessary, medical treatment.
Proper pregnancy monitoring can prevent or treat many of the complications we have mentioned. Regular check-ups with the gynaecologist, diagnostic tests and, in some cases, appropriate medical interventions can ensure the safest and healthiest pregnancy possible for both mother and baby.