Much of the pregnant women consume drugs that do not require a prescription during pregnancy, often without taking into account the serious health effects that this self-medication can cause both in themselves and in their babies. Therefore, it is essential to consult a doctor before taking any medication.
The impact of self-medication during the stages of pregnancy
Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters, and in each of them, the use of non-prescription drugs can trigger very serious consequences:
- First term: It is the most delicate stage because it produces the organogenesis, that is, the formation of the fetus's organs. Self-medication during this period can cause congenital malformations and, in some cases, threaten the life of the embryo.
- Second quarter: Although the risks of malformations decrease, the intake of drugs Inadequate nutrition can affect the growth of organs and tissues of the fetus.
- Third trimester: At this stage, self-medication could impact the functioning of the baby's organs, in addition to causing complications at the time of delivery.
For these reasons, it is vital that any medication is supervised by your doctor, who will analyze the stage of pregnancy, the doses and the appropriate time to avoid risks for both mother and baby.
Categories of medicines according to their safety during pregnancy
Medications are classified into several categories based on the risks they pose during pregnancy. This categorization helps guide both doctors and expectant mothers:
- Category A: Drugs that have not demonstrated fetal risks at any stage of pregnancy in controlled studies. These are the safest.
- Category B: Although no obvious risks have been found in animal studies, human studies are insufficient. They are generally considered safe.
- Category C: Drugs that are only administered if the potential benefit justifies the risk to the fetus, due to the lack of conclusive studies.
- Category D: These drugs pose a clear risk to the fetus, but may be necessary in situations where the mother's life is in danger or there are no safer alternatives.
- Category X: Completely contraindicated during pregnancy, as the risks outweigh any possible benefits.
Specific risks of self-medication during pregnancy
Self-medication during pregnancy is not only a dangerous practice, but also one of the main causes of Congenital malformations preventable. According to the Pan American Health Organization, between 2 and 5% of congenital anomalies are associated with the consumption of drugs not prescribed during pregnancy.
Some side effects include:
- Chromosomal alterations: Which can lead to genetic problems in the fetus.
- Drug Interactions: When multiple medications are combined, their chemical compounds may interact negatively, decreasing their effectiveness or increasing serious side effects.
- Unpredictable allergic reactions: These can range from mild symptoms to severe cases of anaphylaxis.
- Toxic effects: Nausea, vomiting, liver damage or even more serious complications such as internal bleeding.
The role of health professionals
Consulting a doctor before taking any medication is essential to ensure the well-being of both mother and baby. The health professional will assess aspects such as:
- Specific conditions of the mother: Pre-existing diseases such as diabetes or hypertension that may affect pregnancy.
- Drug Interactions: In case the mother is already taking other drugs important.
- Time of pregnancy: It will determine the safe options based on the current quarter.
Furthermore, in cases of common diseases such as the flu or urinary tract infections, the doctor may recommend harmless alternatives or natural treatments that do not compromise the baby's health. You can also find out how to avoid common illnesses such as the flu in babies. here.
General recommendations to avoid self-medication during pregnancy
Following these guidelines can protect both the mother and the fetus:
- Do not self-medicate: This is the golden rule. Any symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor.
- Avoid medications during the first trimester: This period is critical for the baby's development.
- Opt for natural alternatives whenever possible: Many common ailments can be managed with dietary changes or doctor-approved natural remedies.
- Always consult with your gynecologist: Even when it comes to medications that the mother had used before being pregnant.
Self-medication is a highly relevant issue, especially during pregnancy. Being informed and seeking the guidance of a health professional are the first steps to safeguard the life and health of the developing baby.