El cold, wind and rain are atmospheric factors that seriously harm the little ones in the house on many occasions. Since their immune system is still immature, they do not have the ability to confront external agents, causing them to suffer from very frequent illnesses during this time of year.
When temperatures drop suddenly, children are not yet accustomed to it and they trust too much. Also, being in contact with other children There is a greater likelihood of them contracting diseases such as the flu, colds, bronchitis, or even pneumonia.
These diseases that harm the respiratory tract They are most common in autumn and winter, as they are favored by the cold, wind and rain. However, the real cause lies in the mucous which can lose mobility and hydration at this time of year, allowing microorganisms to enter our interior.
In this way, children are they catch a cold, they start with cough and mucus, and can fever appearsIn all these cases it is normal that go to the doctor or pediatrician so that it does not become one of the serious diseases for these little ones.
Preventive measures against these diseases
- Ventilate the house.
- Use electric stoves.
- Avoid smoking in front of the little ones.
- Keep the house at a comfortable temperature and with an optimal degree of humidity.
- Avoid closed places.
- Shelter the little ones in their proper measure.
- Do not let the little ones be with sick people.
- Wash your hands continuously.
- Enrich your diet with vitamin C, for example with natural smoothies for children.
- Vaccinate against the flu.
Why are they more common in autumn and winter?
We meet more indoors and in less ventilated spaces, which facilitates transmission by droplets and aerosols. In addition, the colder and drier air dries out the nasal mucous membranes and reduces their defense capacity. Finally, many respiratory viruses resist better in cold and low humidity environments, increasing its contagion efficiency.
Most common diseases at this time
Common cold and flu
The cold occurs with congestion, cough, and sore throat; the flu is more intense and usually includes high fever and muscle aches. Flu vaccination is a key measure especially in young children, the elderly and chronic patients.
Bronchitis and chronic bronchitis (COPD) in adults
Acute bronchitis appears after colds or flu with cough and mucusChronic bronchitis is part of the COPD, with persistent cough and airflow limitation; tobacco is the main risk factor.
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder with bronchial hyperresponsivenessIn autumn-winter crises may increase due to allergens and viruses. It is essential to follow the action plan indicated by the specialist.
Bronchiolitis (infants)
Very common in babies, usually due to respiratory syncytial virus. It runs with cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Requires close monitoring and supportive measures.
Otitis (external, middle and internal)
The most common in winter is the otitis media, often after colds. It produces earache and feverThe approach depends on whether the cause is viral or bacterial.
Allergic rhinitis and sinusitis
Rhinitis inflames the nasal mucosa and promotes congestion and sneezing; may be complicated by sinusitis (facial pain, purulent discharge). In chronic cases, they may be recommended nasal corticosteroids.
Pharyngitis and laryngitis
Inflammations of the throat and larynx with pharyngeal pain o dry cough and hoarsenessThe most common cause is viral; if bacterial is suspected, the pediatrician will consider antibiotics.
Pneumonia
Lung infection that fills the alveoli of liquid, with fever, cough, and chest painTreatment depends on the agent (viral, bacterial, or fungal) and the severity.
Atopic dermatitis and conjunctivitis
Cold, dry air worsens the skin dryness; it is advisable to moisturize daily. Conjunctivitis (viral, bacterial or allergic) causes red and itchy eye; treatment varies depending on the cause.
Viral gastroenteritis
Very contagious, with vomiting and diarrhea; the main thing is the rehydration and observing signs of dehydration.
Arthritis (exacerbations)
Changes in pressure and temperature can aggravate joint symptoms in predisposed people; keep warm and maintain gentle activity help.
Most vulnerable populations and warning signs
Small children, older adults and people with chronic diseases are more susceptible. Come quickly if there is respiratory distress, persistent high fever, lethargy, signs of dehydration, severe ear pain or clinical worsening.
Key habits and care at home and at school
- Hand hygiene frequent and teach how to cover coughs/sneezes.
- Ventilate daily and maintain moisture adequate; humidifiers if necessary.
- Avoid smoke and indoor pollution; no smoking in the home.
- Food rich in fruits, vegetables and legumes; good hydration, rest and home remedies for family health.
- Vaccines updated (influenza and, as directed by a doctor, pneumococcus; breastfeeding of infants).
- Layered coat, avoid sudden changes in temperature and agglomerations during peak periods.
Taking care of the environment, hygiene, and healthy routines significantly reduces the risk of infection. Monitoring symptoms and consulting a pediatrician early can prevent complications and help children face the fall and winter with confidence. more protection and calm.
