Reflexes in babies: types, functions and neurological development

  • Archaic reflexes are essential for the survival and neurological maturation of the baby.
  • Abnormal disappearance or persistence of reflexes may alert to neurological problems.
  • Secondary reflexes support the development of motor and balance skills.

reflexes in babies

The highlights They are an involuntary muscular reaction that occurs in response to certain types of stimulation. The presence and intensity of a reflex is a key signal for assessing the correct Functioning and maturation of the neurological system. These reflexes are not only important indicators of the baby's health and development, but also play a crucial role in its early survival.

Many infantile reflexes are temporary and fade as the child matures. However, some reflexes persist throughout life. It is worrying if a child's reflex remains active beyond the age when it should disappear, as it could be a warning of central nervous system problems.

In this article, we will explore in depth infant reflexes, from archaic to secondary, and their importance in the neurological and motor development of the baby.

Archaic Reflexes in Babies

The archaic reflexes are those automatic responses that are present from birth and are essential for the survival of the baby. These reflexes originate in the brain stem and are usually gradually disappear as the central nervous system matures.

Moro reflex

El Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex, appears in the first days of life and It disappears between two and four months.This reflex occurs when the baby perceives a sudden change, such as a loud noise or a sudden movement. The baby extends his arms and legs, opens his hands, and finally brings them towards his body as if he were going to hug himself.

It is an important reflex because it indicates the health of the baby's neurological system. Its absence or asymmetry could be a sign of brain damage or nerve injuries.

Sucking reflex

El suction reflex It is vital for the baby's survival, as it allows it to feed from birth. It begins to develop during gestation, between weeks 32 and 36, and disappears after six months, at which point it becomes a voluntary action. This reflex is activated when something is introduced into the baby's mouth, such as a nipple or teat.

Search Reflex

When you stroke the baby's cheeks, he turns his head to the stimulated side and opens his mouth. This reflex helps the baby find the breast or bottle. Generally disappears at around four months of age.

Palmar Grasp Reflex

El grasp reflex occurs when the baby automatically closes his hand when he feels pressure on the palm. This reflex is so strong that a newborn can support his own weight by holding on to both fingers. This reflex disappears between five and six months.

Oral care in babies

Tonic Neck Reflex

Known as the “fencing position,” this reflex occurs when the baby’s head is turned to one side. The arm on the side toward which the head is turned is extended, while the opposite arm is flexed. This reflex, which lasts until the baby is 18 months old, is a reflex that occurs when the baby’s head is turned to the side. 5-7 months, is important for developing hand-eye coordination skills.


Automatic Walking Reflex

When the baby is held upright with his feet touching a flat surface, he makes alternating leg movements as if trying to walk. Although this reflex disappears after two months, is a precursor to voluntary walking.

Secondary reflexes

The secondary reflexes These are those that appear later in the baby's development and are more related to the maturation of the central nervous system.

Parachute Reflex

This reflex appears between the 6 and 9 months and is activated when the baby feels that he is falling. He automatically extends his arms and hands as a protection mechanism. It is an essential reflex for the development of balance and coordination skills.

Landau reflex

When the baby is held horizontally face down, he or she extends the neck, back and limbs, showing an arch. It appears around the 4 months and disappears around one year of age.

Reflexes that Persist in Adulthood

Some reflexes present in babies persist throughout our adult life and play a protective role.

  • Blink Reflex: Blinking when exposed to bright light or physical contact with the eyes.
  • Sneeze Reflex: A response to irritation of the nasal passages.
  • Yawn Reflex: An act indicating the need for additional oxygen.
  • Gag Reflex: Protect yourself from the presence of a foreign object in your throat.

Clinical Importance of Reflexes

reflexes in babies and their importance

Assessing reflexes in infants provides valuable information about the state of their nervous system. A reflex that is absent, abnormal, or persistent beyond their typical age may be a warning sign that warrants closer medical follow-up.

As the baby grows, these reflexes become more integrated and give way to more coordinated and voluntary movements. It is therefore essential for pediatricians to regularly assess the baby's reflexes as part of child development monitoring.

Observation and knowledge of babies' reflexes, both by parents and health professionals, ensure a healthy neurodevelopment and detect any warning signs that require intervention.


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      ximena said

    My son is 18 months old but he still doesn't speak, he only pronounces monosyllables like vowels and says pa. I would like to know if it is normal for your age.